Rumichaca, Darién y Río Bravo, un análisis conceptual de frontera

Abstract

Borders are not simply dividing lines between nations; they are spaces of interaction, resistance and transformation where multiple social, political and economic dimensions converge. The border crossings of Rumichaca, on the border between Ecuador and Colombia; the Darien, in the area that separates Colombia from Panama; and the Rio Bravo, between Mexico and the United States, are examples of how borders function as devices that organize human mobility. In this article, the dynamics of these three border crossings are explored in an analogous way from a theoretical perspective with a literature review methodology, approaching the concept of border in the light of authors such as Étienne Balibar, Grimson, among others Sandro Mezzadra and Brett Neilson. The first section analyzes the border from a historical and dynamic concept, and then delves into its interaction with the nation-state and human mobility, essential elements in the contemporary analysis of borders. It will also analyze how borders function as spaces of power, where governments impose hierarchies and control, but also as places of resistance and transformation, where communities challenge restrictive policies. It will also address the issue of security in the contemporary context, considering global implications and current challenges. Finally, it will examine how globalization affects migrant families, transforming borders into a place of resistance and transformation, where communities challenge restrictive policies.